801: Auto Extrication

Extrication: The process of removing a trapped individual from a vehicle.

Inner Circle Survey: Initial assessment close to the vehicle.

Outer Circle Survey: Secondary assessment around the incident scene.

Hot Zone: Immediate area around the vehicle requiring extrication.

Cold Zone: Area surrounding the Hot Zone where staging and support operations occur.

Incident Commander (IC): Overall coordination of the extrication operation.

Extrication Team Leader: Directs the extrication efforts and ensures the safety of all personnel involved.

Safety Officer: Monitors scene safety and ensures compliance with safety protocols.

Extrication Technicians: Perform the physical extrication using tools and equipment.

Support Personnel: Provide necessary support, such as medical aid and equipment management.

801.3.1 Arrival and Initial Assessment 

Scene Safety:

• Approach the scene with caution.

• Position apparatus to protect the scene.

• Use traffic cones, flares, and lights to secure the area.

• Assess for hazards such as fuel leaks, electrical lines, and unstable vehicles.

Initial Survey: 

• Conduct an Outer Circle Survey to assess overall scene conditions.

• Conduct an Inner Circle Survey to assess vehicle stability and patient condition.

• Report findings to the IC.

801.3.2 Stabilization

Vehicle Stabilization:

• Use chocks, cribbing, and struts to stabilize the vehicle.

• Ensure the vehicle is immobilized before commencing extrication.

• Disconnect the battery to minimize electrical hazards.

Scene Stabilization:

• Ensure the scene remains secure from traffic and other hazards.

• Establish and maintain a Hot Zone and Cold Zone.

801.3.3 Extrication

Access Creation:

1. • Determine the best method for gaining access to the patient.

   • Use tools such as spreaders, cutters, and hydraulic rams to create access.

   • Remove windows as necessary to prevent secondary injuries.

Patient Management:

1. • Provide initial medical care to the patient.

   • Maintain communication with EMS personnel.

   • Use a C-collar and spine board to immobilize the patient as needed.

Disentanglement:

1. • Carefully remove parts of the vehicle trapping the patient.

   • Prioritize patient comfort and safety during this process.

   • Continuously monitor vehicle stability and adjust stabilization as needed.

Extrication Completion:

1. • Safely remove the patient from the vehicle.

   • Transfer the patient to EMS for further care.

   • Conduct a final check to ensure no additional hazards are present.

• All personnel must undergo regular training in auto extrication techniques and safety procedures.

• Training should include both classroom instruction and hands-on drills.

• New personnel must complete an introductory extrication course before participating in live operations.

• Always prioritize the safety of personnel and patients.

• Use personal protective equipment (PPE) at all times.

• Follow established safety protocols and guidelines.

• Continuously monitor the scene for potential hazards.

• NFPA 1670: Standard on Operations and Training for Technical Search and Rescue Incidents

• NFPA 1500: Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety, Health, and Wellness Program

• Local and state regulations and guidelines